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Types of crystalline solids (Atomic (Unit particles (atoms),…
Types of crystalline solids
Atomic
Unit particles
atoms
Characteristics
soft, low melting point, poor conductivity.
The only atomic solids are noble gas, their properties reflect the week dispersion forces between atoms.
Molecular
Unit Particles
Molecules
Characteristics of solid phase
Examples
I2, H2O, NH3, CO2, and C12H22O11.
Covalent network
Allotrope
ex: carbon
:an element that exists in different froms at the same state
characteristics
vary hard, high melting point, poor conductivity.
Unit Particles
Atoms connected with covalent bond
Metallic
Unit Particles
Atoms surrounded by mobile valence electrons
Characteristics of solid phase
Soft to hard, solid at room temp. (Except Mercury), low to very high melting and boiling points, high conductivity to heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, and lustor.
Examples
All metallic elements.
Ionic
Unit particles
ions
Characteristics
hard, brittle, high melting points, poor conductivity.
Type of ion determines shape of crystal. Network of attractions gives high melting points. Replusions between ions of like charges cause the crystal to shatter
by: Jana, Deema, Rufaidah