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Classification and Systematics (Levels of Taxonomic Categories…
Classification and Systematics
Concepts
Phylogeny
Evolutionary history
Systematics
Smaller groups
Nomenclature
System of names
Natural system of classification
Closely related together
Levels of Taxonomic Categories
Species
Closely related individuals
Genus
Closely related species
Monophyletic group
Descendants in same genus
Polyphyletic group
Different ancestors
Convergent evolution
Family
One or more genus
Order
Class
Division
Kingdom
Species epithet
word to distinguish species
Taxon
Cladistics
Understanding Cladograms
Cladogram
Evolutionary patterns
Node
Branch
Common ancestor
Parsimony
simple hypothesis
Equal Parsimonious
Taxa arranged differently
Unresolved Polychotomy
Various species in node
Cladograms and Taxonomic Categories
Basal Angiosperms
Early-diverging Dicots
Eudicots
Rest of the Dicots
Cladistics
analyzing evolutionary relationships
Synapomorphies
Homologous features
Homoplasies
Analogous featur
Other Types of Classification Systems
Artificial Systems for Classification
Easy to observe
Bias of Classification
Obvious characteristics for classification
Classification Systems for Fossils
Form Genera
Basic structures are together
Artificial and natural features
Trace relatives
Taxonomic Studies
Type Specimen
Single plant
truly carries name
Isotypes
Herbaria around the world
Not all in species same
First identifies
Diagnostics keys
Personal knowledge
The Major Lines of Evolution
Grade Classification
Old classification of protista
Kingdom Plantae
Clade of true plants
Prokatyote to Eukaryote
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