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Listening (Chapter 5) By Sean Ho (Types of Listening (Task-Oriented…
Listening (Chapter 5) By Sean Ho
The Importance of Listening
In committed relationships, listening to personal information in everyday conversations is considered an important ingredient of satisfaction and relational stability.
Misconceptions About Listening
Listening and Hearing Are Not the Same Thing
Hearing
: the process in which sound waves strike the eardrum and cause vibrations that are transmitted to the brain.
Listening
: Occurs when the brain reconstructs electro-chemical impulses into a representation of the original sound and then gives them meaning.
Responding
to a message consists of giving observable feedback to the speaker.
Listening Is Not a Natural Process
Listening is a skill much like speaking, everybody does it, though few people do it well.
All Listeners Do Not Receive the Same Message
Physiological factors, social roles, cultural background, personal interests, and needs all shape and distort the raw data we hear into uniquely different messages.
Overcoming Challenges to Effective Learning
Mindful Learning Requires Effort
Faulty Listening Behavior
Pseudo-listening
: Listeners give the appearance of being attentive, but a polite facade to mask thoughts that have nothing to do with what the speaker is saying.
Selective Listening
: Listeners respond only to parts of a speaker's remarks that interest them.
Defensive Listening
: Listeners take innocent comments as personal attacks
Ambushing
: Ambushers listen carefully, but only because they are collecting information to attack what you have to say.
Insulated Listening
: Instead of looking for specific, listeners avoid certain topics.
Insensitive Listening
: Listeners that are unable to look beyond the words and behavior to understand their meaning.
Stage-Hogging
: Listeners try to turn the topic of conversations to themselves instead of showing interest in the speaker.
Reasons for Poor Listening
Message Overload
Rapid Thought
Psychological Noise
Physical Noise
Hearing Problems
Faulty Assumptions
Talking has more Apparent Advantages
Cultural Differences
Media Influences
Types of Listening
Task-Oriented Listening
Looking for Key Ideas
Ask Questions
Paraphase
Take Notes
Relational Listening
Take Time
Listening for Unexpressed Thoughts and Feelings
Encourage Further Comments
Analytical Listening
Listening for Information Before Evaluating
Separate the Message from the Speaker
Search for Value
Critical Listening
Examine the Speaker's Evidence and Reasoning
Evaluate the Speaker's Credibility
Examine Emotional Appeals
Listening and Social Support
Social Support and Mediated Communication
The goal is to gain information and emotional support
Gender and Social Support
Types of Supportive Responses
Advising
Judging
Analyzing
Questioning
Comforting
Prompting
Reflecting
When and How to Help
The majority of responses expressed a preference for being in control of whether their distressing situation should be discussed with even the most helpful friend.
Questions
I was surprised about how important listening is in communication and the many types there are.
There wasn't anything that confused me, but I was interested about the faulty listening behaviors.
I would have like to learned more about how to listen to someone's feelings.