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Selective Attention (Attenuator Model - Treisman (Dalton & Fraenkel…
Selective Attention
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Perceptual Load Theory
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High perceptual load leaves spare capacity which 'spills over' involuntary to the processing of & ask-irrelevant stimuli
Rees, Frith & Lavie
fMRI of perceptual load:
- Low load respond to uppercase words
- High load respond to bisyllabic words
- IGNORE irrelevent background
Psychophysics: Longer motion aftereffect under low load than under high load - fMRI -> more activity in cortical area V5 (motion area) under low (vs. high) load
Forster & Lavie
Visual task of low or high p. load - probed to report occurrence of task unrelated thoughts during visual task
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Late Selection Model
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Corteen & Dunn
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Test: Shadow one ear, ignore the other - press button if you hear city name in either ear
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What is Attention?
Cherry et al
Dichotic listening - 'shadow' words coming into one ear and ignore those to the other (How to separate one voice from the other)
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^ They could report the gender of the speaker and whether the message contained speech or non-speech
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Conclusions - People process 'unattended' information ONLY to the level of physical features - no semantic information is available from the 'unattended' message