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Health Psychology (What is Stress (Stress mastering (how to brake a bad…

- - - - same stressful reaction
        as escape
        
        difference:
        
        Bear escape
        
        psysical
        
        exam
        
        psychological
        
        dominate western society
        
        more durable
        
        big individual reaction
        
        more depending on appraisal
  - - - the event itself
        
        ex. I have 4 exams this week
        
        focus on event themselves
        
        PTSD
        post traumatic stress disease
        
        not about what's wrong with you
        but what happenede to you (event)
    - - feeling of being stressed
        
        physiologically and psychologically
        
        ex. I am so stressed
      - General Adpatation Syndrome
        GAS - 1930
        
        3 stages
        
        Alarm reaction
        
        mobilize Resources
        (start action=
        
        Resitance
        
        Cope with stressor
        
        Exhaustion
        
        Reserves Depleted
        
        Limited teory
        
        no space for psychological factors
        
        one size fits all?
    - - There are big individual differences
        
        Lazarus and Folkman 1984
        
        Theory of cognitive appraisal
        
        Cogntiive Activation Theory
        (of stress)
        
        2 secondary appraisal
        
        evaluation of mastering skills (resources)
        
        Strategies
        
        Emotional
        
        1 more item...
        
        Probelm solving
        
        2 more items...
        
        evaluating consequences
        
        evaluating of meaning/personal significance
        
        primary appraisal
        
        evaluation of situation
        
        1 more item...
        
        Experience of stress
        depending on
        
        Stimulus expectation
        
        1 more item...
        
        Response expectation
        
        3 more items...
      - when feeling will not manage
        what supposed to manage
        
        ex. I will never manage it
      - experienced inbalance btw
        
        experienced requests (demands) and
        
        mastering resources
  - - - no negative effects
    - - health risks
  - - - Fix cause of the stress
    - - cannot change what happens
        but how you related to it
        
        how you think and interpret it
    - - see notes
    - - attention on the present
        
        no ruminating
        no overworrying
    - - what can you do?
      - what is the problem?
      - what the goal?
        
        what could be different in my life?
      - challenge negative thoughs
        
        look closer at negative thoughts
        are they justified
- - - - complete physical, mental and social
        wellbeing
        
        not only absence of illness of physical weakness
    - - Ability to
        
        adapt and
        
        self-manage (mestre)
  - - - how one reacs ... see notes
- - - - sensorial
        
        how much and where,
        which kind (burn, ...)
      - emotional
        
        emotions like anxiety, fear, depression, hopelessness
      - cognitive
        
        interpretation and memory
        
        what does the pain mean,
        relation with pevious experiences,
        lack of control
  - - - painful so strong that one
        can't tolerate more
    - - the smalles stimulus reported as painful
    - - cognitive
        
        expectations
        
        palcebo
        
        worst case thinking
      - emotional
        
        feeling positive emotions
        
        feeling negative emotions
      - placebo
        
        significant positive effect
      - nocebo
        (false negative expectations)
        
        can block the effect
        of powerful opioid