Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Darwins Theory of Evolution (Theory of Evolution (Survival of the Fittest …
Darwins Theory of Evolution
Theory of Evolution
predicted that individuals with traits which suited the environment would survive and reproduce to pass their favorable traits to offspring
how species naturally change over time natural selection.
Today it is often defined as the process by which a certain trait becomes more common within a population
mutations in DNA can change genes and produce variations in traits
sexual reproduction increased variety in offspring.
Over Production of Offspring
species produce more offspring than can survive
He concluded that for population sizes to remain stable, many offspring must die
from Malthus, Darwin knew that populations could grow faster than their resources
Survival of the Fittest
death was not random
Fitness refers to the relatively ability of an organism to survive and reproduce
"Differential survival and reproduction" is a cornerstone of natural selection.
Gradually Species Change
gradual accumulation of many adaptations that, over many generations within one lineage of organisms, results in a new species.
Darwin
Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution represents a giant leap in human understanding.
has dramatically changed how we think about ourselves and how we relate to the world
When he was 13, Darwin and his brother Erasmus built a chemistry lab. It was here that Darwin learned about proper methods of scientific experimentation.
love of the natural sciences developed out of his lack of interest in other subjects
Started medical school at the age of 16 but he dropped out because blood made him sick and he belived it was boring
Darwin became deeply interested in South America because of his teacher who taught him to stuff animals
became good friends with zoologist Professor Robert Grand and they would hike together- furthered Darwins skill in observing
Evolution: present life has arisen gradually from past life forms
Natural Selection: explains how the diversity of life has arisen through time. In other words, evolution is what happens, natural selection is how it occurs.
Darwin studied medicine and theology before working as ship’s naturalist on the HMS Beagle.
Influences on Darwin
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
one of the 1st scientist to explore change in species
believed that organisms improve traits through increased use and then pass the improved feature on to their offspring
inheritance of acquired characteristics, giraffes have long necks because early giraffes stretched their necks to reach tall trees and then passed the longer necks on to their calves
Charles Lyell
Principles of Geology, first published in 1830, he recorded detailed observations of both rocks and fossils and used present patterns and processes as keys to past events
many small changes over long periods of time built today’s landscapes and that the Earth must be far older than most people believed
Darwin’s theory that present species developed gradually over long periods of time reflects Lyell’s influence.
Lyell helped arrange a joint presentation to the Linnean society two weeks later
Thomas Malthus
Malthus' six editions of An Essay on the Principle of Population, published from 1798 to 1826, observed that sooner or later populations get checked by famine and disease
Malthus described a human “struggle for existence”, due to exponential population growth and limited food.
Alfred Russel Wallace
naturalist whose work in Malaysia led him to conclusions similar to Darwin’s.