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Darwin's Theory of Evolution (Theory of Evolution (Heritable variation…
Darwin's Theory of Evolution
Theory of Evolution
He understood that species change over time
The less suited to the enviornment will die
Natural Selection: as the principal by which each slight variation of [ of a trait ] if useful is preserved
Mutations in DNA can change genes and produce variations in traits
He recognized that sexual reproduction increased variety in offspring
Malthus said that populations will grow exponentially but disease and other factors will limit populations
Overproduction of offspring and struggle for existence
well adapted individuals will produce more offspring the phase survival of the fittest summarizes this idea
gradual accumulation of many adaptations over many generations within one lineage of organisms results in a new species
natural selection is not directed or intentional
Heritable variation: in the past giraffes had shorter necks and others had longer
Overproduction of offspring: giraffes produce more young than the trees in their environment could support
Differential survival and reproduction: the neck could help them get to taller trees and were more likely to survive
Species Change: the ling necks were passed to the calves so that each generations contained more long necks
Lyell shows that geology has changed over time they all had tremendous differences, we all come from a long distance line of apes
we share lots of common ancestors
Darwin closes with there is no grandeur in this view of life
he noticed striking similarities and differences and then he began to develop the concept of natural selection
Cloning humans if we were all genetically identical
Mutations have pre-existed sexual reproduction has evolved to add further variation and diversity
Darwin's Theory in 2 points which are all living species share common ancestors and natural selection explains how species change
Beetles and Evolution the role of beneficial mutations and certain traits among breeders and the importance of identifying new species
Darwin
Theory of Evolution was a a giant leap in human understanding
Was born 2/12/1809 and died 04/19/1882
Was an active hiker and his teacher was a slave from South America
Enlightens biology, and the decisions about biotechnology
Enrolled in medical school at the age of 16
Stopped the pursuit of MD because he was sickened by the sight of blood and he found it boring
He enjoyed chem
The Natural History of Selborne curator of the museum taught him about botany and animal anatomy
On March 27 1827 he gave his first speech on marine biology
became friends with a zoology professor and he would discuss the works of Lamarck with Darwin
April of 1827 he quits medical school
Collected beetles to teach himself the the proper manner of cataloguing specimens and methods of comparative anatomy he became good friends with Reverend John Stevens Henslow
Henslow was the the influence for Darwin to become diverse with many topics
Was appointed commander of the HMS Beagle on June 25 1831
2 major ideas evolution itself and natural selection Evolution is what happens and natural selection is how it occurs
Influences of Darwin
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
was one of the first to explore change is species
Got the improved traits and then they would passed on
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
evidence didn't support inheritance of acquired characteristics
Charles Lyell
questioned the Dogma
Principles of Geology had detailed observations of both rocks and fossils to get a key into past events
changes over time made landscapes
was close influential friends to Darwin
Thomas Malthus
Competition for resources came from hiim
Six editions of An Essay on the Principle of Population said that sooner or later populations would get checked by famine and disease
Human struggle for existence
Alfred Russel Wallace
similar to Darwin's work
Sent a paper which had almost identical concepts to Darwin's ideas of evolution and natural selection
Logic from Darwin earned him the bigger share of the theory of evolution by natural selection
Darwin completes his book in 1859
Barnacles
Attach themselves permanently to hard substrates
Would come the most intensive studies of Darwin's caree
Naturalists from all over the world sent their collections to examine
making general statements needed for his theory of evolution
Artificial Selection
Variations in traits were clearly abundant and heritable
Artificial Selection which was known as selective breeding
Natural Selection comes from artificial selection
Standing on the Shoulders of Giants
Was not the product of Darwin himself
23 years later when Darwin returned to England was that his ideas began to crystallize
Evolutionary biology On the Origin of Species was published on 11/24/1859
Most people thought that history went back 6,000 years