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HOW DO HORMONES CONTROL THE DIGESTIVE PROCESS? (Digestive Steps (Saliva…
HOW DO HORMONES CONTROL THE DIGESTIVE PROCESS?
Digestive System
Made by ten different organs
Contains more than 20 specialized cell types
It´s objective is to transform raw materials found in food, into nutrients and energy
The nutrients are
Fats
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Vitamins
Components
Gastrointestinal Tract
Works for transporting food
Pancreas, Gallbladder and Liver
Break down food using juices
Enzymes, Hormones, Nerves and Blood
Break down food, modulate the digestive process and deliver final products
Mesentary
Supports and positions the digestive organs in the abdomen
Hugo Alpízar Álvarez A01653944 #503
Digestive Steps
Saliva pumping by glands
The "Bolus" is created
It reaches the stomach by the esophagus. Having contractions in the way called "Peristalsis"
The Bolus is pounded by the stomach walls. And transformed into chunks
Acids and enzyme rich juice dissolve the food´s proteins
The Pancreas, Liver and Gallblader produce digestive juices and bile
The new "chyme" lays in the stomach
The fats on the "chyme" are destroyed by the bile in order for they to be digested by the pancriatic and intestinal juices
The enzyme-rich juices break the fat molecules into fatty acids and glycerol, transform proteins into amino-acids and carbohydrates into glucose
In the Jejunum and Ileum, villi creates a big surface area to absorb molecules and transference into the blood stream.
The blood takes the nutrients to feed the body´s tissues and organs
The remaining fiber, water and dead cells go to the colon
The intestinal wall drains most of the remaining fluid
The "stool" is created, and travels in the colon, to the rectum
The byproduct exists throgh the anus
Hormones
Gastrin
Secreated by the stomach
Stimulates the secretion of gasteic juice in the stomach
Secretin
Secreted by duodenum cells
Stimulates the secretion of sodium bicarbonate and bile
Cholecystokinin
Secreted by the small intestine
Stimulated by the food present in the small intestine
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide
Secreted by the duodenum
stimulated by the food in the duodenum
It habilitates gastric glands
Motilin
increases the migrating myoelectric complex component of gastrointestinal motility
stimulates the production of pepsin
Ghrelin
Is produced in the stomach
Stimulates appetite
Peptide YY
Is caused by inhibiting appetite
Synthesized in the digestive tract