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1.4 describe the network protocol and the principals of communication…
1.4 describe the network protocol and the principals of communication
Rules Of Communication
Establishing Rules
Common language and grammar
Speed and timing of delivery
Message encoding
Encoding
Decoding
Message Formatting and Encapsulation
Depend on the type of message and the channel that is used to deliver the message.
Each computer message is encapsulated in a specific format, called a frame, before it is sent over the network.
Message Size
Each segment is encapsulated in a separate frame with the address information, and is sent over the network.
Message Timing
Access Method
Flow Control
Response Timeout
Message Delivary Options
Unicast
Multicast
Broadcast
Network Protocols and Standards
Rules that Govern Communications
Content Layer
Rules Layer
Physical Layer
Network Protocols
Some common networking protocols are IP, HTTP, and DHCP.
Interaction of protocols
Network Access Protocols – Data link & physical layers
Creation of Internet, Development of TCP/IP
The first packet switching network and predecessor to today’s Internet was the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET), which came to life in 1969 by connecting mainframe computers at four locations.
Standard Organizations
Open Standards
The internet society (ISOC)
The Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
The International Organization for Standards (ISO)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Other Standards Organization
The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)
The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)