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The Unconscious (Dualism (Descartes, scientific revolution in Europe)…
The Unconscious
Dualism (Descartes, scientific revolution in Europe)
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Everything occurring within the mind is, by def., consciousness
The Cartesian catastrophe - the idea that mental processes occurring outside the conscious awareness was/is impossible.
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Mere-Exposure Effects
Merely perceiving a stimulus repeatedly makes it more positive to the individual. Does not require conscious awareness of the object of an attitude.
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Distractor task
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2 groups given a decision problem: first group was told prior that there would be one, 2nd was told they were finished (both solved anagrams before this task as the distractor task). The first group made smarter decisions
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Priming (John Bargh, 1996)
Primed for elderly words, ppl, behaved in line with stereotypes of elderly (being slow)
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Watt (German, 1905) -- conducted an experiment that showed we are only consciously aware of the results of mental processes
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"The absence of a conscious perception is no proof of the absence of mental activity." - Plotinus (Roman)
Freud elaborated on the topic of consciousness with his theories on the id, ego, super-ego, repression, hidden desires, and dream analysis
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Our bhv. is largely guided by goals and motives, which det. what we pay attention to
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