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Ch. 21: Vascular Plants Without Seeds (The Megaphyll Line (Origin of…
Ch. 21: Vascular Plants Without Seeds
Early Vascular Plants
Rhyniophytes
equal dichotomous branching
rhyniophytes
Xylem Structures of Early Vascular Plants
protostele
endarch protostele
exarch protostele
siphonostele
seed plants
Zosterophyllophytes
Zosterophyllum
small herbs
without secondary ground
enations
outgrowths
increased photosynthetic surface area
3 features
sporangia were lateral
sporangia opened transversely on top
xylem was exarch protostele
The Microphyll Line
morphology
microphylls
division Lycophyta
large enations
heterospory
cones/ strobili
extinct and extant
lycophytes sporangia
Lepidostobuis
extant genera
The Megaphyll Line
Trimerophytes
overtoping
pseudomonopodial branching
Origin of Megaphylls
megaphylls
telome theory
telomes
sporophyll
euphyllophytes
Equisetophytes
horsetails
scouring rushes
sporangiophore
monopodial growth
Ferns
leptosporangiate ferns
leaf trace
leaf gap
Eusporangia and Leptosporangia
uerospangium
leptosporangia
Psilotum and Tmesipteris
Monilophytes
euphyllophytes
monilophytes
lignophytes
The Term Vascular Cryptogams
often ferns
fern allies
name indicates
they have vascular tissue
reproduction is hidden
lack of features
seeds
flowers
fruits
Concepts
dibiontic life cycle
monobiontic
interpolation hypothesis
transformation theory
