Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
English language diversity (William Labov gender paradox: this describes…
English language diversity
language and occupation
Instrumental power: Explicit and imposed by a higher authority. May be imposed by the legal system, places of work management,
Influential power: Tries to make people behave in a certain way, do something particular or change their opinions and attitudes. No force is being applied and there is not penalty, this is often found in advertising and marketing
Jargon:special words or expressions used by a profession or group that are for others to understand who are not in that group
William Labov gender paradox: this describes how women prefer to use forms of language which seem to have a more prestige way stated that woman also tend to use more 'creative' ways with their language rather than men.
Robin Lakoff: Womens use of language is influenced by their powerless role in society, they hedge more, use super polite forms, and correct grammar.They use tag questions and have more words for colours.
Deficit
Dominance
Zimmerman and West: Their study showed that 93% of men interrupted in a conversation between mixed sex'. They concluded that men are more dominant in conversations as they interrupt, talk over and dominate where the conversation. It was also proven that more than 60% of woman fall silent when being interrupted in a mixed gender conversation.
It is argued that woman are used to male dominance and as a result of social conditioning will generally be polite and respectful while talking to men.
Difference
Deborah Tannen 1990's: Men and women have a different approach to language, she has six contrasts. Status V support, Independance V intamacy, Advice V understanding, info V feelings, order V proposal, conflict V compromise
Tannen claimed that women are naturally more inclined to be cooperative in conversations while men are seen to be competative.
Tannen coined the word genderlect to describe the difference between male and female
Polari
Polari is a mixture of different types of language which persisted mainly amongst theatrical people and the gay community
It came about as the gay community felt like they needed some protection as homosexuality was illegal until 1967. They Incorporated this language in their own way.
Dialect levelling
Dialect leveling is the means by which dialect differences decrease. For example, in rural areas of Britain, although English is widely spoken, the pronunciation and the grammar have historically varied. During the 20th century, more people moved into towns and cities, standardising English.