Preparedness Measures
Land Use Regulation
EQ Resilient Infrastructures
Emergency Drills
Use of Technology
Pros:
- Reduce collapse of buildings and minimises damages
- reduce shaking in EQ
- lower death rate
- structurally sound
Pros:
- demarcate into high, medium, low risk zones
- do not place skyscrapers/ impt economic activity in high risk zones
- put recreational facilities(parks, leisure activity)
- prevents collapse of building
- lower pop density (less death)
Cons:
- may prevent growth of city (not feasible in small cities)
- high cost of buying over land
- strong govt enforcement to buy land frm unwilling sellers
- ❌ suitable for LDC (lack strong enforcement)
Cons:
- EX (oni DC)
- untested till EQ event
- not cost effective to retrofit existing buildings
- cld have higher magnitude of EQ than prepared for
Damping Devices
- act as shock absorbers that absorbs seismic energy in an EQ
- act as counterweights which moves in opp direction to motion of quake, minimises swaying & colllapsing
Base isolation pad
- allow more flexible movement of building
- sways side to side in EQ
Reinforcement of infrastructure
Pros:
- trip switches @ homes, offices
- during EQ, liquefaction occurs, gas pipes to break
- switch turns off gas
- prevents outbreak of fire
Cons:
- EX tech may not be feasible if electricity and gas network is not well organised
- regular maintenance to upkeep
- short time for response
- chance of tech failure
Pros:
- awareness about how to respond to EQ
- reduces panic, chaos, orderly and timely evacuation (will not block evacuation routes)
- how to carry out first aid, treat victims in critical period b4 rescue arrive (lightens load of work on emergency workers)
- complacent (dont take srsly)
Cons:
- Scenario/magnitude may be diff frm what was practised (e.g. occurrence of tsunami, multiple aftershocks)
- DC have more funding, expertise to organise large scale drills
Seismic risk maps
EQ sensor
Tsunami monitoring systems
Cons::
- Oni in DC
- costly, strong communication
- subjected to interference, false alarm
- little time for response