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Computing Revision (Data Types (int (Creates an integer (number).),…
Computing Revision
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Variables
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For example, in a game, the variables could be your health points or your score.
Also, they could be used in real life to tell someone how many spaces there are remaining in a car park.
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Networks
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Topologies
Star
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A star network is a topology where each device is connected to a central switch or hub with its own cable.
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Ring
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A ring network is a topology where each device is connected to two other devices, forming a ring for signals to travel through.
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Pseudocode
What is pseudocode?
Pseudocode is a representation of code which is easier to understand than regular code, and it is not specific to any programming language.
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Algorithms
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Algorithms are sets of instructions for programs to follow, with multiple results or endings.
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Cyber Security
Encryption
Encryption allows someone to hide sensitive data so that it is unreadable without using the 'encryption key'.
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The Caesar Cipher is a method of encryption where each letter is moved using a shift key through the alphabet. For example, if using shift key 2, a becomes c, b becomes d, ect.
Hardware
System Architecture
CPUs
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The CPU is the central processing unit of a computer, and it is located in the CPU socket in the motherboard.
CPU Characteristics
Clock speed
Clock speed (usually measured in Hertz, Hz, or gigahertz, GHz) is a measure of how many instructions a CPU can carry out per second. 1 gigahertz = 1,000,000,000 Hertz.
Number of cores
Each core in a CPU has its own ALU, control unit and registers, and it can run its own instructions. However, channels must be used for each core to be able to communicate with each other, which uses up some of the extra speed.
CPUs containing 2 cores are dual core, 4 cores are quad core, 6 cores are octa core.
Cache
The 3 types of CPU cache are L1, L2 and L3. L1 is the closest to the CPU itself.
Von Neumann Architecture
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MAR (Memory Address Register) - The MAR stores the memory address that the data will be fetched from or sent to.
MDR (Memory Data Register) - The MDR stores the data being transferred to and from the CPU.
PC (Program Counter) - This contains the address of the instruction being executed at the current time.
Accumulator - This is where immediate arithmetic and logic results are stored.
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