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NUTRITION (INFLUENCE ON FOOD CHOICES (Biological (hunger, thirst, satiety,…
NUTRITION
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MACRO & MICRO NUTRIENTS
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CARBOHYDRATES INFO
Main function:
provide fuel for energy (as youth are growing at a rapid rate, a lot of energy is required for metabolism and growth. Glucose is the preferred fuel for energy in the human body and carbohydrates are rich is glucose). Carbs allows for an individual to maintain high activity levels.
Process:
broken down -----> glucose molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream -----> taken into the cells and stored ready for use (energy production).
Fun fact:
- 1g carbs will produce 16kJ of energy)
- glucose (carbs) that is not used is stored as fat tissue; if a person eats too much carbs they'll gain weight
- carbs are also found in sugar and foods containing added sugar e.g. soft drinks, cordial, lollies and chocolate
Healthy options:
most carbs are found in food of plant origin e.g. potatoes, rice, pasta, most breakfast cereals and fruit.
FIBRE INFO
Main function:
- acts to reduce the amount of glucose that is absorbed by the digestive therefore reducing energy provided by the foods eaten. Also provides a feeling of fullness (satiety) therefore decreases the amount of energy consumes from other foods --- weight maintenance
- fibre reduces the amount of cholesterol that is absorbed by the body therefore reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease
- fibre absorbs water, which adds bulk to the faeces; assisting in regular bowel movement in which decreases the chances of becoming constipated
Process: travels through the digestive system -----> acts as a cleaner as it moves
Fun fact:
- foods containing fibre are high in a range of vitamins and minerals
- a type of carbohydrate that is required for the optimal health of youth.
Healthy options:
found in all foods of plant origin e.g. bran flake cereal, wholemeal bread, apple & orange, mixed raw veggies, baked beans
PROTEIN INFO
Main function:
to build, maintain and repair body cells for youth development. also acts as a fuel for producing energy
Fun fact:
- can be used as a secondary source of energy; in times of starvation, muscle and other body cells may be broken down so the protein contained within them can be used
- if eaten in excess, protein is stored as fat tissues and can contribute to long term obesity
- protein is made up of smaller building blocks called amino acids (20 different types) - 11 called non-essential amen acids (can be synthesised) - 9 called essential amino acids (cannot be synthesised must be consumed)
- many people get their protein from meat (rich in essential amino acids.
Healthy options:
found in food sources called 'complete protein' (contain all essential amino acids - found in vastly animal products) and some are found in foods of plant origin usually called 'incomplete proteins' (needed to be eaten with other sources of protein to meet nutritional needs)
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