Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
4.3 AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEMS (Marine ecosystems (Continental shelf,…
4.3 AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Marine ecosystems
very biodiverse
high stability and resilience
Continental shelf
has 50% of oceanic productivity, 15% of its area
Upwellings bring nutrient-rich water up to the shelf
Light able to reach near surface
Phytoplankton
Abundant in the sea
Produce oxygen
Primary producer
Fisheries
High demand
15% - 20% of average protein intake
Half a billion depends for livelihood
Maximum sustainable yield
Sustainable yield
Increase in natural income that can be exploited each year without depleting original stock/ potential for replenishment
Methods of fishing causes environmental issues
Aquaculture
provide additional food resources
support economic development
CASE STUDY
Japan Bluefin Tuna Whaling
Penang Shrimp Farm
UNCLOS
Contiguous zone
Patrolling smuggling or illegal immigration activities
Territorial waters
Foreign ship can transit
Exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
Sole rights to exploit all natural resources
Internal waters
Foreign ships may not travel
Nation free to set laws, regulate use
importance
division of the shelf