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THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING (1642 (Blaise Pascal (Pascaline (Mechanical…

- - - - Clay tablets
    - - Papyrus
    - - Notching tallies (animal bones, ivory, stones)
- - - - Abacus --> first calculation tool
- - - - Mechanical adding machine
        
        Gears and punched cards
        
        Addition and subtraction
      - "Numerical wheel calculator"
  - - - Improvements (Pascaline)
        
        Multiplication, division and square root capabilities
- - - - Never completed
      - Funded by British government
      - Quick and error-free calculations
    - - Analytical Engine
        
        Big "store"
        
        1000 variables
        
        50 digits for each one
        
        "Mill" --> Arithmetical unit
        
        Sequential control, branching, looping
        
        Punched cards
        
        Bell ring when variable == 0
        
        Never completed by Baggage
        
        Members of the London Science Museum (1989 ÷ 1991)
- - - - Punched cards
        
        Needles through holes
        
        Different combinations --> different patterns
- - - - Electric tabulating system of machines
        
        Punched cards
        
        Numeric data punched onto them
        
        1 hole --> 1 number
        
        2 hole --> 1 alphabet letter
        
        Estimated time: 6 weeks
    - - Tabulating Machine Company (TMC)
        
        1924
        
        International Business Machines (IBM)