Chapter 5: Nutrition in Humans

Nutrition: Get Energy & Food

Why?

Growth
Repair & Maintenance of the body

Process Involve: Ingestion > Digestion > Absorption & Assimilation > Egestion

Alimentary Canal

Organs

Where food will pass through

Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small & Large Intestine, Anus

An accessory

Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas

Small Intestine

Duodenum > Jejunum > Ileum

Protein only is digested (broken down) as it is very acidic. The others such as carbohydrates and fats won't digest as the enzymes will be denatured as they can't be in an acidic environment.

Peristalsis: Muscle Contraction & Muscle Relax

Amino acid breaks down the proteins in the duodemun

Pancreatic Juice, Bile, Intestinal Juice

Digestion

Mechanical/Physical

-E.g: Mouth
-Large > Small
-Chewing/ Churning

Chemical

-Chemical Change
-Enzymes
-Complex > Simpler

Absorption: -Increase Surface Area : Volume
-Thickens of Separating Membrane
-Concentration Gradient

Mitochondria stored energy/ gives energy from glucose