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CH 9 FLOWERS & REPRODUCTION (SEXUAL REPRODUCTION (PLANT LIFE CYCLE …
CH 9 FLOWERS & REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL REPRODUCITON
ADVANTAGE
new gene combos
"inexpensive testing"
DISADVANTAGE
must be 2 partners
sex cells must move
seed can be lost
common method
Fragmentation
vine plant
becomes self sufficient
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
PLANT LIFE CYCLE
Humans
sperm/eggs
gametes
Plants
Sporophyte phase
shrubs
sporophyte generation
Diploid
haploid spores
undergo mitosis
gametophyte
Female
1 more item...
Male
1 more item...
Alternation of Generations
Heteromorphic Generations
Syngamy/Fertilization
gametes fuse
FLOWER STRUCTURE
Receptacle
flower attaches "core"
Pedicel
stalk
TYPE
Incomplete Flowers
LACK 1-2
Complete Flowers
4-5
APPENDAGES
PETALS
corolla
contain pigments
attract correct pollinators
STAMENS
androecium
"male" part
produce pollen
STALK
ANTHER
FILAMENT
PRODUCES POLLEN
SEPALS
lower/outermost modified leaves
enclose in flower maturation
thickest/waxiest part
CARPELS
GYNOECIUM
OVARY
STIGMA
STYLE
GAMETOPHYTES
MICROSPORES
MICROGAMEOPHYTES
FERTILIZATION
KARYOGAMY
PLASMOGAMY
ENDOSPERM
COENOCYTIC/CELLULAR TISSUE
"CELLULAR MEAT"
nourishes zygote devlpmnt.
EMBRYO/SEED DEVLPT.
TORPEDO STAGE
embryo elongated cylinder
radicle
epicotyl
hypocotyl
HEART PHASE
primordial gives heart shape
suspensor
short stalk
pushes embryo into endosperm
(later crushed)
DISADVANTAGES
if unstable environment
extreme weather
can all die
ADVANTAGES
if environment is stable
by budding or runners
FLOWER STRUCTURE
CROSS POLLINATION
WIND POLLINATED
grain landing on stigma low
ANIMAL POLLINATED
flying insects carry pollen
grain landing probability higher
OVARY POSITION
INFERIOR
EPIGYNOUS
OVARY MUST BE PROTECTED
BURIES OVARY
carpel & diff individual
SELF POLLINATION
POLLEN FROM SAME PLANT/FLOWER
new gene combos
MATURATION TIMES
STAMEN
STYLE
diploid/diploid
greater pollen rejection
self pollination prevented
may not be any pollen left
INCOMPATIBILITY
POLLEN
STIGMA
can block further growth
INFLORESCENCES & POLLINATION
DETERMINATE
DISADVANTAGE
limited growth potential
INDETERMINATE
ADVANTAGE
new flowers still initiated
DISDVANTAGE
both species must have
carpellate
staminate catkins
FRUIT TYPES
ACCESSORY FRUITS
nonvarian
TRUE FRUITS
contain only ovarian tissue
CLASSIFICATION
Dry
not eaten
DEHISCENT FRUITS
BREAK OPEN & RELEASE SEEDS
INDEHISCENT
DONT BREAK OPEN
Fleshy
eaten during during natural seed dist.
COMPOUND
AGGREGATE
carpels not fused
raspberry
MULTIPLE
all fruits grow together
pineapple
SEED DISPERSAL
gravity
wind
animals
water
