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CH 21 VASCULAR PLANT WITHOUT SEEDS (EARLY VASCULAR PLANTS (Rhyniophytes…
CH 21 VASCULAR PLANT WITHOUT SEEDS
EARLY VASCULAR PLANTS
Rhyniophytes
upright stems
naked/no leaves
equal dichotomous branching
branches equal size/vigor
Dehiscence along side
cortex parenchyma
Endarch Protoxylem
short cylinders
Homospourous
NO megaspores
NO microspores
terminal sporangia
transition between algae & seed
Zosterophyllophytes
lateral sporangia
dichotomously branched
Dehiscence across top
sporangia opened transversely
small amount xylem
Exarch Protoxylem
enations
long thin scales
small bunch growth
Microphyll Evolution Line
Lycophytes
Heterospory
clustered sporangia
strobili
cones
Extant Genera
Isoetes
quillworts
Heterosporous
Selaginella
ligule
flap tissue
Lepidodedron
Baragwanathia
Drepanophycus
Lycopodium
"club moss"
Homosporous
Morphology
similar to Zosters
large nations
microphylls
leaf evolved from nation
lateral sporangia
exarch protosteles
Zosterophyllum ancestor
Megaphyll Evolution Line
Euphyllophytes
Monilophytes
Ferns
Filmy ferns
only 1 cell thick
leathery leaves
spores
unicellular rhizoids
no epidermis
no vascular tissue
eusporangium
multi surface cells
Leptosporangia
single surface cell
Homosporous
Equisetophytes
Arthrophyta
Equisetum genus
scouring rushes
horsetails
no secondary growth
Megaphylls Origin
Telome Theory
Telome Stems
seed leaves
megaphylls
fern leaves
3 LEAF STRUCTURES
megaphylls
leaves from branches
present in seed plants
nations/microphylls
leaves on gametophytes
Trimerophytes
Pertica
pseudomonopodial branching
single main trunk
terminal sporangia
Psilophyton
distinct rhyniophyte advance
lateral homospory
Dichotomous Branching
endarch vascular cylinder
Overtopping
one stem more vigorous
"Vascular Cryptograms"
"ferns & fern allies"
vascular tissue
lack seeds
"Crypto"
hidden reproduciton
Interpolation Thesis
vascular plants came from algae
dibiontic
Tranformation Theory
zygote germinated mitotically not meiotically
monobiontic
