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SEA (Main Provisions of the Act (Foreign Policy Co-operation (EPC -…
SEA
Main Provisions of the Act
Internal Market
economic security
free movement
31/12/1992
spillover to other policy areas
QMV introduced due to large amount of legislation to be passed
Structural Funds Reform
lack of resources
difficulties co-ordinating
additionality
reform would improve efficiency and increase size of funds
Extension of competences
employment law
IR
QMV re working conditions and H&S
Co-operation Procedure
greater consultative role for EP
Primarily on economic and monetary policy areas
Abolished by Lisbon
Assent Procedure
special procedure
now known as Consent
EP can approve/ dissaprove NOT amend
used for electing President of Commission/ assension or withdrawal of member states/ measures against states violating EU principles
Council and Court of 1st Instance
Council decision making accelerated with use of QMV for various policy areas
Court of First Instance (General Court) - competition law, coal & steel, failure to act
Foreign Policy Co-operation
EPC - European Political Co-operation
Intergovernmental co-operation on foriegn policy
Forerunner of CFSP
Consultative
Consultation and dialogue
No voting/ No action without concensus
Ireland - neutrality- Crotty judgement
Exec Powers of Commission
Art 10 - Council confer powers of implementation on Commission
Powers to enact supplementary legislation
Oversight from council via comitology
300+ Committees
Comprised of member states
Different policy areas
regulatory/ advisory/ management/ safeguarding
Background to reform
uncompetitive in world stage
Japan and US ahead of EC
failure to embrace technology
Weak industrial growth
1980 - EC industries in decline
Conclusion
powers to create a coherant and effective economy
Competitivness
Quality of life of citizens
Democratisation of institutions
Biggest single economy in world as of 2018
How it began
Democratic deficit
membership had expanded from 6 to 12 by 1986
Delors white paper
internal market
300 legislative changes required to make it happen
Dooge Report
greater use of QMV
Greater remit for EP
Expand policy areas
Intergovernmental Conference published SEA in 1987
3 main insitgators
Call for reform of institutions
Internal Market Requirements
Foreign Policy Co-operation