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Syntax (classification (Jespersen (junction (attributive relation) - words…
Syntax
classification
E. Kruisinga
loose word group (independent elements, men and women)
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Jespersen
junction (attributive relation) - words joined so close, they are composite names (silly person - fool, warmest season - summer)
nexus (predicative relation) - the door is red, dog barks
ranks - defined and defining (3-extremelly, 2-hot, 1-weather) primary, secondary, tertionary
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Bloch (part of speech)
formative - at the table, with difficulty (notional+functional)
functional (from out of, so that, up to)
notional - go fast, traffic rules
Barkhudarov (type of connection), syndetically and asyndetically
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predicative type (secondary predication - complex subj and obj, for phrase, gerundial complex. absol nomin particip construct)
subordinate (head+adj - noun ,verb, adj, adv)
Bloomfield
endocentric (headed), constituents can substitute groups
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exocentric (non-headed), can't omit anything
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phrase definitions
Pr. Ilyish - phrase is any combination of 2< words, which is a grammatical unit, but not an analytical form of one word (more beautiful is not a phrase), phrase constituents belong to any part of speech. Same word can be both head and adjunct (he is not very strong he>strong>very>not)
H. Sweet - words joined together grammatically and logically without forming a sentence is a word-group. Subj+pred is not a sentence
russian approach - only nominal combinations are phrases, western - any two or more words
sentence/phrase
sentence is a basic unit of comunication, has intonation, classically carries predication, sentence - dynamic force, forms are definite, their change produces a new sentence
phrase is a basic unit of nomination, no intonation, non-predicative unit clasically, static explanation, words can change forms
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