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Nonvascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts (Characters of…
Nonvascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts
Concepts
Nonvascular plants
No vascular tissue
No seeds
Vascular Cryptogams
Have vascular tissue
No Seeds
Spermophytes
Have vascular tissue
Have seeds
Characters of Nonvascular Plants
Embryrophytes
Exclusively terrestrial
Reproductive cells
Cuticle over entire body
Not very large
Classification of Nonvascular Plants
Mosses
Division Bryophyta
Liverworts
Division Hepatophyta
Hornworts
Division Anthocerotophyta
Division of Bryophyta: Mosses
The Gametophyte Generation
Morphology
Gametophores
grow close together
Water Transport
Hydroids
Conduct water
Dissolve minerals
Leptoids
Resemble sieve cells
Rhizoids
Penetrate Substrate
Development
Protonema
Branched system network
Reproduction
Antheridia
Sperms in microgametangia
Archegonia
Eggs in megagametangia
The Sporophyte Generation
Foot
Bulbous Tissue
Capsule
Simple apical sporangium
Seta
narrow stalk
Operculum
caplike lid
Peristome teeth
over sporangium
Calyptra
Covers sporangium apex
Metabolism and Ecology
Cant retain water
Tolerant of Desiccation
Can rapidly absorb water
Thrive at low temperatures
Division Hepatophyta: Liverworts
The Gametophyte Generation
Leafy Liverworts
Thallose Liverworts
Air pores
Open to exterior
Thallus
Body
Antheridiopore
Umbrella-shaped outgrowth
Archegiophores
Droop downward
The Sporophyte Genration
Elaters
Single, elongated cells
Spores liberate at death
Foot and seta
Division of Anthocerotophyta: Hornworts
The Gametophyte Generation
Numberous chambers
Distinctive development
Archegonia from superficial cells
Zygotes divides longitudinally
The Sporophyte Generation
Foot in gametophore
no seta
active basal meristem
Columella
