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Solid and Hazardous Waste (Hazardous Waste (Can include but is not limited…
Solid and Hazardous Waste
Incineration of waste
Burning waste can reduce the volume of solid waste up to 90%. Waste incineration can be used to produce steam to create electrical energy.
Some disadvantages include:
1.creates greenhouse gas emissions of CO2
releases air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxides, mercury, and dioxins
cost twice as much as incineration
E-Waste
Only 14% of electronics is recycled leaving valuable metals to be incinerated or thrown out releasing heavy metals into the atmosphere.
Hazardous Waste
Can include but is not limited to industrial solvents, hospital medical waste, car batteries, household pesticides, dry-cell batteries, and ash or sludge from industries.
Can be organic compounds(solvents, pesticides and PCBs) or non degradable toxic heavy metals(lead, mercury, arsenic).
Storage
Deep-Well Disposal- Most common form of storing liquid hazardous waste. Liquid wastes are pumped through pipes into permeable injection zones that are beneath aquifers and ideally sealed off by impermeable vertical rock layers above the injection zone.
Surface Impoundment—Some liquid hazardous waste is simply stored in natural topographic depressions in the earth or man-made lagoons or ponds. However, many of these waste lagoons lack adequate liners and therefore leach toxins into groundwater.
Hazardous Waste Landfill—Solid or liquid hazardous waste can also be placed in drums or barrels that are sealed and buried in special hazardous waste landfill facilities.
Sanitary Waste
Landfills are constructed with impermeable soil layers to prevent release of waste materials to the environment.
A disadvantage is that landfills release greenhouse gases (methane and ) as wastes decompose.
Terms
Solid Waste- Any unwanted or discarded material we produce that is not liquid or gas.
Industrial Solid Waste- Industrial waste produced by mines, farms, and industries that produce services.
Municipal Solid Waste- The combined solid waste produced by homes and workplaces other than factories.