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Milgram (1963) (Procedure (Volunteers recruited for an experiment…
Milgram (1963)
Procedure
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They drew straws to decide who was "learner" and who was "teacher". It was fixed so that the confederate was always the learner.
Two rooms were used. One with an electric chair, and one with an electric shock generator.
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The "learner" had to learn a list of word pairs. The "teacher" tested him by naming a word and asking the learner to recall its pair from four choices
When the learner made a mistake, the teacher had to administer an electric shock, going up in increments.
There were 30 switches, each marked from 15 volts to 450 volts (marked XXX).
The learner gave wrong answers, the teacher gave him an electric shock.
If the teacher tried to leave the experiment, there were four "verbal prods" that the experiment would read out:
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Results
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Participants sweated, trembled, stuttered, bit their lips, groaned, dug fingernails into their flesh, etc.
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Evaluation
Ethical Issues
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Protection from Psychological Harm: Participants may have been harmed psychologically, they were not tested to see if they could cope beforehand.
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