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Ch 20: Nonvascular Plants (Characters of Nonvascular Plants (embryophytes,…
Ch 20: Nonvascular Plants
Characters of Nonvascular Plants
No Vascular Tissue
embryophytes
Multicellular sporangia + gametangia
reproductive cells covered in sterile cells
Exclusively Terrestrial
Will never grow to be very large
Classification of Nonvascular Plants
They used to be grouped together
Now in different divisions
Bryophyta: Mosses
Hepatophyta: Liverworts
Anthocerotophyta: Hornworts
Division Bryophyta: Mosses
The Gameophyte Generation
Morphology
Gameotophores
Leafy stems
Water Transport
Hydroids + Leptiods
Conduct water + dissolve minerals
NO hydroids?
Water conducted through capillary stems
Development
Protonema
Entire network of cells going through mitosis
Reproduction
Antherida
Where sperm is produced
Microgametangia
Archegonia
Eggs
Megagametangia
The Sporophyte Generation
Foot
Zygote of moss
undergoes transverse division
Absorbs water, sugar, minerals
peristome teeth
releases spores
closes when humid, opens when dry
Homosporous
all spores are identical
Metabolism and Ecology
Sensitive to dryness
Live in environments that are moist always
Rain forest
Desiccated Mosses
Resistant: High + low Temps, UV light
Division Hepatophyta: Liverworts
The Gametophyte generation
Protonema cells
3 or 4
heart shaped, thin
Antheridial initials
Not surface cells
Special mucilage chamber forms antheridia
Zygote divides longitudinally
The Sporophyte Generation
No seta, or sporangium
Division Anthocerotophyta: Hornworts
The Gameotophyte Generation
Leafy Liverworts
Gametophore
Resembles Moss
Thallose Liverworts
Gametophore
Flat, ribbon like
Heart shaped
reproduction
bisexual
Have both Antheridia + Archegonia
Unisex
Sexes
Males
Antheridiophore
Umbrella shaped
Female
Archegoniophores
Project outwards
The Sporophyte Generation
Elaters
Spring like, push spores out
