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Cell Functions (Meiosis (Asexual (Arise From Single Organism, No Gamete…
Cell Functions
Meiosis
Cell Division
Creates Gametes
23 Pairs of Chromosomes
22 Autosomes
1 Sex Chromosomes
Four Daughter Cells
Fertilization
Fusion of Haploid Gametes
Egg + Sperm
Creates Diploid Zygote
Sexual
#
Sperm + Egg Cell
Gamete Fusion
Asexual
Arise From Single Organism
No Gamete Fusion
Fewer Diversity
Faster than Sexual Reproduction
Variation
Random Fertilization
#
Crossing Over
Meiosis I
Prophase I
Chromosomes Align
Anaphase I
Chromosomes Pulled Apart
Chromosomes Moved
Metaphase I
Chromosomes Prepare for Seperation
Telophase I
Chromosomes Arrive in Opposite Sides
Cytokinesis
2 Haploid Daughter Cells
Meiosis II
Prophase II
Chromosomes Condense
Centrioles
Metaphase II
Chromosomes Align
Anaphase II
Chromosomes Separate
Telophase II
Chromosomes Decondense
Cytokinesis
2 More Haploid Cells
Signaling
Response
Regulating Synthesis
Regulating Activity.
Reception
Ligand binds to receptor
Intracellullar Receptor
Plasma Membrane Receptor
Transduction
Amplify Signal
Second Messenger
Phosphorylation Cascade
Cell Cycle
Reason for Division
Increase in Volume
Reduction of Efficiency
Increase in Demand for Resources
Mitosis
Prophase
Cell Breaks Down
Miotic Spindle
Prometaphase
Miotic Spindle Organizes
Metaphase
Chromosomes Align
Prepare for Division
Anaphase
Chromotids Seperate
Go To Opposite Ends
Telophase
Cell Reestablishes Structure
Cytokinesis
Interphase
Growth (G1)
DNA Synthesis (S)
Mitosis Preparation (G2)
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Transport
Selective Permeable Membrane
Active
Co-transport
Protein Pump
Bulk Transport
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Passive
Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Facilitated Diffusion
Surface Area
#
Surface Area:Volume
Efficient Transport
Cell Type
Prokaryotic
No nucleus
Bacteria
Unicellular organism
Asexual Reproduction
Archaebacteria/Eubacteria
Eukaryotic
#
Nucleus present
Multicellular
Plant v Animal
Cell Wall
#
No Cell Wall
Organelles
Eukaryotic Cells
Nucleus
Eukaryotic cells
Holds DNA
Ribosome
RNA
Associated Protein
Link Amino Acids
Chloroplast
Plant Cells Only
Photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
Centriole
#
Spindle Fibers
Cell Division
Animal Cell
Golgi Apparatus
Packages Protein
Intercellular Transport
Distributes Proteins
“Mailroom”
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough
Ribosomes Attached
Adjacent to Nucleus
Specific Destination for Protein
Protein Synthesis
Smooth
No Ribosomes
Lipid Synthesis
Can Contribute to Detox
Cilia/Flagella
#
movement for unicellular organisms
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the Cell
Protein Synthesis
Extracellular Matrix
Collagen
Golgi Apparatus
#
Cell Membrane
Intercellular Junctions
Tight Junctions
Desosomes
Gap Junctions
Vacuole
Plant
Large
Animal
Rare/Tiny