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GLACIATION (FEEDBACK LOOPS (Positive: Albedo affect, Negative:…
GLACIATION
FEEDBACK LOOPS
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Positive: Down hill movement cases increase pressure + friction >> Raised the temp of basal ice >> Ice then slips more easily over bed>> Allowing it to move faster downhill>>>
Negative: Compresional flow increase the mass and erosive power of the glacier >> Causes a steeper gradient>> Erosional flow is faster >> Causing a thinning in the ice and a reduction in the potential erosion>>
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SVALBARD
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Threats
- Coal mining (economy depends on this)
- Polar scientific research
- Tourism
DEPOSITION
GLACIAL DEPOSITION
Process:
- Lodgement: Subglacial depositing lodges to bed.
- Abation: Debris being dumped
- Deformation: Sediemnt defined by glacier.
Landoforms:
- Lateral moraine
-Medial moraine
- Terminal moraine
- Recessional moraine
- Push moraine
- Hummocky/Disintegration (chaotic jumble of tall mounds.
- Erratics: Deposited rock.
- Supraglacial: Travel on glacier
- Englacial: Travel in glacier
-Subglacial: Travel under glacier
FLUVIOGLACIAL
- Delta Kanes (Small mound of sand)
-Eskers (Long continuous ridge on called floor.)
- Kame Terraces (Little hills of layered fluvial deposits)
- Sandur (Sediment deposited at snout)
PLEISTOCENE EPOCH
First Epoch in the quaternary period and this sixth Cainozoic era. Began 1.8m years ago until 11,700y/a. Current stage is called Holocene Epoch.
THE LITTLE ICEAGE.
Between 1350-1900. Temp was 1-2 degrees lower. Created a widespread abandonment of upland farms in Scandinavia + Iceland. European glaciers advance. Arctic sea expanded.
LOCK LOMOND STADIAL
Ice sheets retreating 18,000y/a. 12,500y/a temp plunged, by 11,500y/a conditions were 6/7 degree colder.
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