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Magnetism (Magnetic Fields (The lines of flux travel through the magnet…
Magnetism
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Permanent magnets
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Made from iron, cobalt, nickel
All magnets have two poles. North Pole and a South Pole. The names derive from the behavior of a magnet on Earth.
The magnetic forces are strongest near the ends, or magnetic poles of the magnets.
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Electrons as magnets
Every spinning electron is a tiny magnet. A pair of electrons spinning in the same direction makes up a stronger magnet.
A pair of electrons spinning in opposite directions, however, work against one another. This causes their electric fields to cancel out, making them no longer magnets.
Magnetic Fields
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A magnetic field can be created with moving charges, such as a current-carrying wire.
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The shape of the magnetic field is revealed by magnetic field lines which spread out from one pole, curve around the magnet, and return to the other pole.
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The most common unit for the magnetic field is the Tesla (T). Other units such as Gauss (G) and Weber (Wb) can be used.
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Types of materials
Paramagnetic
Materials that are weakly attracted to magnets. Examples: aluminum, oxygen, and uranium
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Diamagnetic
Materials that are weakly repelled by magnets. Many common materials are diamagnetic: water, glass, copper, graphite, salt, lead, and many plastics.
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