Treaty of Versailles
(28th June 1919)
Britain: Llyod George
France: George Clemenceau
Consequences
Agreements
USA:Woodrow Wilson
Wanted trade
Not fully destroy Germany
Wanted peace
14 Points(Disarmament, self determination, peace, negotiation)
Wanted to crush Germany
Wanted strong border
Land
Saar Coal field to France for 15 years
Rhineland demilitarized
Ban Anschuluss
German colonies=self determination
Military
Ban conscription
100 000 soldiers
No aircraft
6 navy ships
War guilt
Pay 6.6 billion pounds of reparation
Rhur conflict
Kapp Putsch
Hyperinflation
Overthrow Weimar Republic and establish a right-wing autocratic government
Germany unable to pay reparation to France
France invades Rhur area and workers were on strike
Economy falling, industries cannot recover
Gov print more money but hyperinflation happens-cost goes up
Germany
Hated ToV as their pride crashed(army reduced) and unfair agreements
Reparation
Strengthen democracy
Alsace-Lorraine
The Fail of Big Three
Clemenceau: thought Tov wasn't harsh enough
Rhineland not independent, no full control of Saar land
Wilson: didn't achieve demilitarization/self-determination(B&F refused)
George: worried about the spread of communism
Other Treaties
Treaty of Neuilly(Bulgaria)
Treaty of Lausanne(Turkey)
Treaty of Sevres(Turkey)
Treaty of St.Germain(Austria)
1920 Sep 10 - 30 000 soldiers, no navy,
empire collapses and countries become self determinate(Czech,Poland)
Economy collapse-couldn't pay reparation
Forbidden to untie with Germany
Treaty of Trianon(Hungary)
1020 June 4 - Payment suspended, 35 000 soldiers, Romania/Czech/Yugoslavia lost, Empire collapsed
1920 Nov 27 - 10 million pounds, 20 000 soldiers, no airforce, cannot access to Mediterranean, territories lost
1923 July 24 - Kemel Attaturk rebelled and rejected the treaty and restored some Turkish land
1920 Aug 10 - Finances controlled by the allies, 50 000 soldiers, limited navy, no airforce, lost empires and lands to Italy, Bulgaria, and Greece
Fair of Unfair?
Fair
Unfair
Reduced tension
Pay for damage
Germany couldn't develop
War guilt-Russia also involved