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Chap 42 and 44 (Circulation (Blood Pressure (systole (contraction),…

- - - - amphibians, reptiles, mammals
      - amphibians - modified - gas exchange thru skin
      - mammals
        
        right ventricle
        
        pulmonary arteries
        
        lungs
        
        left atrium
        
        left ventricle -> body via aorta
        
        capillary beds
        
        veins -> Vena cava
        
        right atrium
    - - sharks , rays, bony fish
      - single circuit loop
      - gill and body capillary beds
  - - - contraction
    - - blood pumped per minute
    - - relaxation
  - - - liquid matrix
    - - clotting
    - - RBCs- O2 transport
      - hemoglobin
    - - WBCs
      - fight infection
- - - - large amts of dilute urine
  - - - osmosis
      - difusion
  - - - exoskeleton, shells, skin
      - transport epithelia
- - - - used in aquatic animals
      - ventilation
      - countercurrent exchange
    - - trachea
      - larynx
      - lungs
      - bronchi
        
        branched tubes
      - alveoli
        
        gas exchange
        
        surfactant
  - - - forced air flow
    - - pull air in
      - diaphragm
      - mammals
- - - - filtration
    - - surround the prox and distal tubules
    - - ball of capillaries
    - - cup shaped swelling