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magnetism (magnetic & electrostatic forces (similarities (both observe…
magnetism
magnetic & electrostatic forces
similarities
both observe an inverse square law
attractive/repulsive
differences
electrostatic charge can be a point charge; magnets must always have a north and south pole
forces and fields
magnetic fields don't affect stationary charges
a moving charge traveling through a magnetic field will experience a force
force exerted will be perpendicular to the charge's motion and field's direction
force's result is to cause a deflection of the charged particle (it gets pushed to the side)
equation (for the force exerted on a moving charge by a magnetic field) : F(subscript B) = qvBsin(theta)
F(subscript B) - magnetic force
B - magnetic field in T (teslas)
q - charge
v - charge's velocity
theta - angle between the velocity and magnetic field directions (measure? :red_flag:)
similarities to electricity
opposites
electricity involves two (positive and negative) charges; magnets have two (north and south) poles
opposites attract (and like repel)
magnetic field
just like charges have electric fields, magnets have magnetic fields
to show direction and strength, we draw magnetic lines of force/flux
they leave at the north pole,
travel through the air in a curve,
lines of flux travel through the magnet
and enter the magnet at the south pole
tangent lines (to the lines of flux) shows the field's direction (the direction of the force that would be exerted on a north pole)
the field's direction is north to south (the arrows point away from the north pole and towards the south)
symbol for the magnetic field is B
common units
gauss (G) (1G = 1E-4 T)
weber (Wb) (1T = 1 Wb/(m^2))
tesla (T) (most common)
1T = 1 N/mA (newton per meter*ampere)