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Magnetism (properties (forces are strongest near end of magnets, like…
Magnetism
properties
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like poles repel, unlike poles attract
two poles: north and south, derviign from behavior of magnets from earth
closer the magnets are, the greater the magnetic force
if a magnet is suspended freely, the north end will point north
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magnetic domains
unmagnetized object have domains that are randomly arranged, while magnetized objects have domains that all point in one direction.
demagnetized by hammering, excessive heat, and passing electricity.
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Definition
magnetic field: region around the magnet where magnetic forces act (both magnitude and direction) symbol B, unit T (tesla), measured the force field exerts on moving charged particle
direction of magnetic field is defined as direction of north pole of a compass needle at that location
shape of magnetic field lines which spread out from one pole, curve around the magnet, and return to the other pole.
two types: permanent (retain magnetism for a long time) and temporary (retain magnetism for a short time, becomes magnetized).
property of matter in which there is a force of attraction and repulsion between like and unlike poles
Circuits
parallel conducing wire exert force on one another due to magnetic fields, opposite direction currents repel each other, same direction currents attract each other
solenoid: long, helical wound coil of insulated wire: produces strong magnetic fields, referred to electromagnet.
current carrying wire creates magnetic field around wire in concentric circles, magnetic field is proportional to current in wire
when a current is passed through a coil that turns into circles, a strong temporary magnet called an electromagnet is formed.