APHG Agriculture- deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the rearing of animals of cultivation of plants

b

Climate

Crop

First Agricultural Rev.- apx. 10,000 years ago?, humans figured out how to plant seeds, agriculture began, has many hearths, allowed humans to settle, started S1 of DTM, China, India, Peru, Mexico, Middle East (animals first domesticated)

2nd Agri. Rev.- occured in 1750s-1850s,

3rd Agri. Rev.- 1950s to present, GMOs, synthetic fertilizers, pesticides

Hearths of Agri.-

Subsistence- primarily producing for consumtion by family/grower, LDCs

Intensive

Intensive Subsistence Wet Rice Dom.

Intensive Subsistence Not Wet Rice Dominant

Shifting Cultuivation

Pastoral Nomadism

Transhumance

Commercial- produces primarily for sell and to make money, most likely in MDCs

Plantation

Crop Rotation

Mediterranean

Commercial Gardening-

Desertification

Salinization

Livestock

Sawah

Swidden

Organic Farming

Agribusiness- seed to supermarket, relation of commercial farming to business

Von Thunen Model- shows where farms locate based on transportation, perishability, and land rents

1st Ring- Horticulture/Dairy-

2nd- Forestry-

3rd- Crop Rotation

4th- Mixed Crop and Livestock-Mostly MDCs, most crops (CORN) grown for livestock consumption, money made from livestock, 4th ring of Von Thunen,

5th- Ranching- commercial grazing of livestock over a large area, not labor intensive

Extensive Use- using large amounts of agricultural land to produce food, inefficient, MDCs, low agri. density

GMOs

Global Food Trade

Gov. Policies

Milkshed-

Domestication

Aquafarming

Overfishing

Fishing

Ranching- commercial grazing of livestock over a large area, not labor intensive

Mixed Crop and Livestock- Mostly MDCs, most crops (CORN) grown for livestock consumption, money made from livestock, 4th ring of Von Thunen, usually mechanized

Dairying

Grain-

Truck Farming

Food Security

Double Cropping

Globalization- the trend of the increasing interaction between people/companies on a worldwide scale due to advances in transportation and communication technology, figurative shrinking of the world, due to space-time compression

Corn Belt- US, where most corn is grown, Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, some Michigan & South Dakota & Minnesota & Indianna

Soybean Belt- in US, where majority of soybeans are grown, same area as corn belt (crop rotation)

AFO- Animal Feeding Operation, animals/livestock confined in an area without vegetation , ex: Cow Farm, chicken farm

CAFO- Concentrated Feeding Operation, more pollution, larger, ex: very large, industrial chicken farm