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Communications satellites (GEO (24 hours per trip, Fixed in the sky, Orbit…
Communications satellites
Communication satellite
Components
Antenna subsystems
Solar panels and battery backup
Satellite transponder
Primary bands
C
Longer wavelength, larger antenna
Ku
VSAT systems
Ka
Newer, smallest wavelength, smallest antenna
Handling capacity: 155 million bits of information per second
Conversion from uplink signal to downlink signal
Definition and functions
Signal reception (downlink signal) and transmission (uplink signal)
Frequency conversion and amplification
Specialized wireless receiver/transmitter
GEO
24 hours per trip
Fixed in the sky
Orbit: 35400 Km over the Equator
Weak signal on huge distance travel
Greater delay
Poorly served regions (polar region)
3 satellites for complete coverage
MEO
GPS (Global Positioning System)
Elliptical orbit
Orbit: 5000 to 12000 Km above the Earth
Less handoff than LEO
LEO
Less powerful
Shorter average lifespan
Less expensive
Constellation of satellites for consistent communications
Shorter delay for faster communications
Very high speed
Orbit: 200 to 1400 Km above the Earth