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Samba Em Preludio by Esperanza Spalding (Rhythm (Bossa Nova rhythm used…
Samba Em Preludio by Esperanza Spalding
Genre
This is a cover of a song written by Robert Baden Powell
It is a fusion of Cool Jazz and Latin American Samba and Bossa Nova
Cool jazz is characterised by a relaxed tempo; a behind the beat rhythmic feel; lots of syncopated and rich jazz harmonies.
Samba is a traditional Brazilian dance that was originally fast and had lots of energetic drumming in it.
This song is quite dissimilar to samba but is closer to Bossa Nova style (a style derived from samba)
Bossa Nova is characterised by laid back tempo, and a very particular bass line and harmonic rhythm which contains on the beat dotted bass rhythms with syncopated harmonic chords
These rhythms become far more obvious when the style settles down at the B section
The intro of the piece is in a 'Prelude' style; one of a very flexible tempo and beat. Preludes were originally introductory pieces to much larger works
Melody
The A section has a vocal motif of a rising 7th every bar apart from the first one
In the A section all of the shapes are based on arpeggios
The B section's melodic style is at a lower tessitura, and has a conjuct motion to it (ie it moves in a stepwise motion)
Guitar Solo
The 31 bar guitar solo has a number of melodic features
Notably the free flowing long phrases.
Syncopated
Appoggiaturas
Use of broken chord shapes
Use of triplet crotchets
Bits played in ocatves
Most is in a conjuct motion but some has interesting arpeggiation
Harmony
The harmonic language is generally very rich throughout the piece. Lots of specific dissonances are used
Such as added or extended chords
The bass guitar is mostly playing broken chords throughout the prelude section
Often it plays a chord at the start of the bar and then does a specific harmonic technique called playing away from the chord
This is where a chord is played at the start of a bar and then the bass does a development of the melody. Notes used are deliberately not part of the chord
Adds to the rich and dissonant harmonic language
Structure
Intro
A
A1
Link
B1
Guitar Solo
AB
B
1 more item...
This is a mixture of the A and B sections
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Rhythm
Bossa Nova rhythm used extensively at B
This comprises of a on the beat dotted rhythm played by the bass with syncopated guitar chords over the top.
Largely syncopated
Tempo Rubato very flexible and free
Especially the last guitar flourish
The Cool Jazz elements give it a behind the beat rhythmic feel
There are also lots of use of cross rythms
This is where triplet rhythms are played against non triplet rhythms such as straight quavers
Lots of use of triplet rhythms throughout adding to the rhytmic complexity along with the syncopation
Texture
The texture is largely homophonic, with the vocal melody accompanied by chords in the guitar and broken chords in the bass
Except at the AB section where there is a 2 point counterpoint going on