Genetics
Punnet Squares
Genotype
Phenotype
Letters (AA,aa, Bb)
Traits (brown eyes)
alleles
Heterozygous/Homozygous
Sex-linked
Pedigree
Family tree - can show where traits inherited from
Lethal
Dominant
Recessive
Mendel's laws
Law of segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Dominance
Chromosomes
P arm - petite, small
Q arm - large
One pair of sex chromosomes
Human karotype contains 23 pairs of chromosomes,
22 autosomal 1 sex
female - XX
male - XY
contain a centromere
During the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factors from each parent
one of the factors for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive
When two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together