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Unit 9 - Inheritance Patterns (Gregor Mendel and etc. ((He is also not…
Unit 9 - Inheritance Patterns
Gregor Mendel and etc.
Law of Independent Assortment
when two or more characteristics are inherited, hereditary factors assort independently, giving different traits an equal opportunity to occur together
Law of Segregation
during the production of gametes, the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate, so that the offspring gets one factor from each parent
(He didn't create Punnet Squares, but it helps to analyze and identify these)
Genes are inherited
(He is also not credited for the following)
Codominance
when two alleles mix and are both present on the offspring
Incomplete Dominance
when two alleles mix to create a new phenotype
Sex-Linked Problems and other Genetic Diseases
Down Syndrome
Extra Chromosome no. 21
Caused by nondisjunction
Nondisjunction is the failed for two chromatids to split
Causes Intellectual Issues and Facial Disorders
Klinefelter's Disease
Extra X Chromosome
Only in Males
Not Inherited
Turner's syndrome
Affects only females
Where a female is born with only 1 X chromosome
Very Rare
Chromosomes
Telomere
End of a Chromosome
Centromere
Where two sister chromatids are joined in a chromosome
Sister Chromatids
23rd Chromosome determines sex
XX
Female
XY
Male
Acrocentric
Karyotypes and Pedigrees
Pedigree
Shows generations
Shows Family ancestry
Shows genetic inheritance
Karyotype
Shows that humans and chimpanzees are genetically similar
23 pairs of chromosomes
Collection of all genetic information in the body