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Interpersonal attraction (factors fostering (Physical attractiveness…
Interpersonal attraction
factors fostering
Proximity/exposure
Zajonc - mere exposure effect - more we are exposed, more we like it
relate to cost-benefit - live close, more accessible, rewards outweigh costs
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similarity
assortive matching - Sprecher - similar physical appearance, background, personality, interests, more attractive
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Liu - similarity of culture - Asian, Latino, African and White americans - own ethnicity more attractive. social network also key
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Physical attractiveness
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averageness, bilateral symmetry, waist-hip ratio, colour red, strong jaw (males, only when ovulating), feminine features
Langlois - attractive children - better grades, judged as happier, more popular/intelligent, better mental health/self-esteem, more desirable personalities, higher incomes
Evolution & attraction
Langlois - genetics - cues to physical health, youthfulness,
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waist-hip ratio - Marlowe & Westman - foraging societies - men prefer larger women - better health. Western - smaller good health
lighter court sentences, babies prefer to look at attractive faces, halo effect - attractive have more positive qualities
Matching hypothesis - Goffman - form long term relationships with those equally matched in social attributes like attractiveness . influences date selection
ambient factors
griffitt & veitch - stressful background factors - hot, overcrowded less attractive
personal characteristics
self-discolsure important - Altman & Taylor - social penetration model- people share more with those they trust and like
Collins & Miller - like those who share more about themselves - sensitive to disclosure and disclosing key in trust, less risk, safer feeling
Cultural differences - Americans disclosed more than germans but didnt become as close as relationship progressed - individualist and collectivist