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Forearm (Nerve Supply (Sites of Nerve compression (Ulnar Nerve (Location…

- - - - Location (irrelevant)
        
        Grooves the medial epicondyle & passes into flexor carpi ulnaris
      - Medial 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
      - Flexor carpi ulnaris
    - - Location (irrelevant)
        
        Pierces supinator
    - - Location (irrelevant)
        
        Enters Forearm through 2 heads of pronator teres
      - All anterior compartments muscles except
        
        flexor carpi ulnaris
        
        Medial 1/2 flexor difitorum profundus
- - - - Nerve Supply is median Nerve
        
        Vestigial muscles
        
        Palmaris Longus
        
        Insertion
        
        Palamar aponeurosis
        
        Tendon degenerated
        
        Very Weak
        
        Action
        
        Flexion of forearm
        
        Flexion of wrist
        
        Tendinous insertions to MPJ
        
        May assist with thumb flexion
        
        Tendon used in graft for surgical repair
        
        Flexion of proximal Phalanges
        
        Miscellaneous
        
        Present in orangutans
        
        Missing in 13% of population
        
        Think Middle Finger
        
        Pronator Teres
        
        Insertion
        
        radial shaft (lateral aspect)
        
        Action
        
        Flexion of elbow
        
        Flexion of Forearm pronation
        
        Think Index Finger
        
        Flexor Carpi Radialis
        
        Insertion
        
        Bases 2nd & 3rd metacarpals
        
        Action
        
        flexion forearm
        
        Flexion of Wrist
        
        Radial deviation/abduction of Wrist
        
        Think Ring Finger
        
        Radius as second origin (irrelevant)
        
        Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
        
        Extensors act as antagonist to prevent excess movement
        
        Insertion
        
        Split inserted on middle phalanges of 4 fingers
        
        Action
        
        Flexion of elbow
        
        Flexion Of wrist
        
        Proximal I-P Joints
        
        Strongest when wrist is extended
        
        Synergist in finger flexion
      - Upper Posterior Border of Ulna as second origin (irrelevant)
        
        Nerve Supply is Ulnar Nerve
        
        Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
        
        Insertion
        
        Pisform
        
        Hook of Hamate
        
        Base of 5th Metacarpal
        
        Action
        
        Flexion of forearm
        
        Flexion Of Wrist
        
        Flexion of Ulnar
        
        Medial Deviation/adduction of Wrist
        
        Think Little Finger
  - - - Ulnar Nerve as secondary Nerve supply
        
        Flexor digitorum profundus
        
        Origins
        
        Upper anterior
        
        Medial Ulnar
        
        Interosseous membrane
        
        Insertion
        
        Distal phallanges of 4 fingers
        
        Actions
        
        Flexion of elbow
        
        Flexion Of Wrist
        
        Distal I-P joints
        
        Bulkiest as is essential for gripping
        
        Strongest While wrist is extended
      - Flexor Pollicis Longus
        
        Origins
        
        Anterior radius
        
        Interosseous membrane
        
        Insertions
        
        Distal Phalanx of thumb
        
        Actions
        
        Flexion of Thumb
        
        Flexion of wrist (when thumb is fixed)
      - Pronator Quadratus
        
        Origins
        
        Distal anterior ulna
        
        Insertions
        
        Distal anterior radius
        
        Actions
        
        Pronation of forearm
- - - - Brachioradialis
        
        Origin
        
        Lateral Supracondylar line of Humaris
        
        Insertion
        
        Syloid Process of Radius
        
        Action
        
        Flexor of Forearm
      - Extensor Carpi radialis Longus
        
        Origins
        
        Below Brachiorradialis
        
        Insertions
        
        Base of 2nd Metacarpal
        
        Actions
        
        Extends Forearm
      - Common Extensor Origin (Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus)
        
        Anconeus
        
        Insertions
        
        Upper part of Ulna
        
        Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
        
        Insertions
        
        base of 3rd metacarpal
        
        Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
        
        Passes to Medial Four Fingers
        
        Extensor Digitorum
        
        Insertions
        
        Medial Four Fingers
        
        Extensor Digiti Minimi
        
        Insertions
        
        5th Digit
- - - - Pronation & Supination
      - Adaptation to brachiation
      - Proximal & distal radio-ulnar joints
      - Rotation of radius over ulna
    - - Fractures of one usually result in fractures to the other (I-O membrane)
      - Distal radial fractures most common in 50s
      - Fractures of distal 2cm- Colles fracture
      - Forced dorsiflexion (extension) of wrist
      - Dorsal displacement
        
        Comminuted (Brocken into pieces)
      - Ulnar styloid may also be avulsed (broken off)
- - - - Ulnar Artery
        
        Crosses over flexor retinaculum
        
        accompanied by ulnar nerve
        
        Distally becomes more superficial
        
        pulse palpated deep to flexor carpiulnaris
        
        Divides into
        
        posterior
        
        anterior
        
        anterior arteries on either side of membrane
        
        Gives rise to common I-O artery
        
        Located below radial tuberosity
        
        Larger
        
        initially lies deep to superficial compartment muscles
      - Radial Artery
        
        Form Anastomotic branches
        
        Supply elbow Joint
        
        Passes through 1st dorsal interosseous muscle to enter palm
        
        at Wrist runs dorsally to enter snuff box
        
        Lateral side of the forearm