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Populations and Ecosystems (Habitat (Set of conditions that an organism…
Populations and Ecosystems
Population
Individuals of the same species
Community
All of the populations together
Ecosystem
Physical, nonliving enviroment
Habitat
Set of conditions that an organism completes its life cycle
Pollinators are important aspects of habitats for plant species they pollinate
Operational habitat
affect a plant constitute by all components with known and unknown effect are its habitat
Two types of Habitats: Abiotc and Biotic
Abiotic
: components are nonliving and are physical phenomena: climate, soil, latitude, altitude and disturbances such as fires, floods and avalanches.
Biotic
: components are living such as the plant itself, other plant species, animals, fungi, etc.
Climate:Temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and winds
Between the low and high extremes of the weather is the "tolerance range"
Soils are formed by breakdown of rock.
The first plants that invade a new soil are
pioneers
Horizons
Latitude and Altitude
Disturbance are phenomena such as fires, landslides, snow avalanches and floods which produce radical change in an ecosystem
The plant itself
modifies the habitat and is a part of it.
Pine trees modify their habitat for their continued success.
Other plant species
when several species occur together
When interaction is beneficial for both organisms is is called
mutualism
However, if it is disadvantageous it is
competition
The
K
of an ecosystem is a measure of the number of individuals of a particular species that can be sustained.
K-selected species is one that is adapted to stable sites where competition is important
The biotic potential of a species
r
is a measure of its reproductive success
The r-selected species is one that is adapted to sites temporarily free of competitors and rich in resources
Types of Populations
Demography: distribution of the ages of all the individuals
Geographic range: set by limiting factors and local distribution
