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ADDICTION (Stimulants (Cocaine (Toxicity (Seizures, cardiac complications…

- - - - Seizures, cardiac complications & strokes
    - - Decreased frontal lobe activity
    - - Pharmacological
        
        Topiramate
        
        Glutamate antagonist: blocks AMPA/kainate receptors
        
        GABAergic: increases transmission at GABA A receptors, increase brain GABA levels
        
        Modafinil
        
        Better than welbutrin not better than cocaine
        
        Currently approved for narcolepsy
        
        Blocks DAT
        
        May reduce high from cocaine
- - - - Gum & patch (OTC), inhaler, nasal spray, lozenge (Rx)
    - - Partial agonist at alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
      - Agonist effect relieves craving and withdrawal symptoms.
      - Antagonist effect blocks satisfaction and rewarding effects of nicotine.
- - - - Low potency
        
        Short half-life
        
        Long half-life
      - High potency
        
        Short half-life
        
        Xanax (alprazolam)
        
        Ativan (lorazepam)
        
        Long half-life
        
        Klonopin (clonazepam)
- - - - Blocks ALDH