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Lymphatic/Endocrine System (HORMONES (regulates metabolism, stimulates…
Lymphatic/Endocrine System
made up of
lymph tissue
spleen
lymphatic ducts
thymus
works with circulatory system
works on immunity
lipid transportation
removes waste & excess fluids from the body tissue
lymph
thin, watery fluid made up of inter-cellular or interstitial fluid
made up of H2O, digested nutrients, salts, hormones, O2, CO2, lymphocytes, metabolic wastes(urea)
when this fluid enters the lymphatic system it becomes known as lymph
lymphatic vessels
located throughout body
small open ended vessels act like a drain pipe- called lymphatic capillaries
they pick up lymph at the tissues then the lymph will travel through the capillaries to the larger lymphatic vessels
contraction of skeletal muscle is what allows the lymph to move
lacteals
in the small intestine there are special lymphatic capillaries called lacteals
they pick up the digested fats
when the lymph is mixed with the fat, its called chyle
lymph nodes
glands located allover body, usually in groups or clusters
small, round, size of pinhead-almond
vessels bring lymph to the node then node filters the lymph and removes carbon,cancer cells, dead blood cells
produces lymphocytes and antibodies
right thoracic duct
short tube that receives all of the purified lymph from the rt side of the head and neck, rt chest, and rt arm
it will empty into the rt subclavian vein returning the clean lymph to the blood
thoracic duct
much larger
drains rest of the body
empties into the lt subclavian vein
at the start of the thoracic duct, there is a pouch structure called cisterna chyli
storage area for the purified lymph
tonsils
masses of lymphatic tissue that filter interstitial fluid
pharygeal
located in nasopharynx
lingual
located on back of tongue
palatine
located on each side of soft palate
spleen
organ located beneath the Lt side of the diaphragm and the back of the upper stomach
destroys old erythrocytes
stores erythrocytes to release into bloodstream
produces leukocytes and antibodies
destroys thrombocytes
filters metabolites and wastes from body tissues
thymus
mass of lymph tissue located in center of the upper chest
atrophies after puberty and replaced by fat and connective tissue
early in life it produces antibodies and manufactures lympocytes
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
consists of a group of ductless glands that secrete hormones
ovaries
sex glands of the female
adrenal gland
located above each kidney
outer cortex
secretes many steroid hormones
glucocorticoids
gonadocorticoids
estrogen and androgen
mineralcorticoids
inner medulla
epinephrine and norepinephrine
pancreas
fish shaped organ located behind stomach
both exocrine and endocrine gland
secretes pancreatic juices
isle of langerhans
produce insulin
type A produces glucagon
testes
gonads of the male
parathyroid
4 small glands located behind and attached to the thyroid gland
regulates amount of calcium in blood
stimulates bone cells to break down tissue and release calcium into the blood
PTH(Parathormone)
thymus
upper part of chest
activates cells in immune system
atrophies away after puberty
thyroid
synthesizes hormones that regulate the body's metabolism and control the levels of calcium in the blood
Thyroxine
Thyrocalcitonin
pineal body
pituitary gland
master gland
produces many hormones that affect other glands
located in base of brain inside sella turica
divided into 2 sections
anterior lobe
ACTH
GH
TSH
FSH
posterior lobe
Oxytocin
ADH
placenta
HORMONES
regulates metabolism
stimulates other endocrine glands
maintains fluid & chemical balance
stimulates exocrine glands to produce secretions
controls various sex processes
regulates growth and development