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Main Title/'Rebel Blockade Runner' from Star Wars…
Main Title/'Rebel Blockade Runner' from Star Wars
dynamics
opening is fortissimo (response to original film script)
B section is quieter
fortissimo again at A section retourn
at end, remains strong dynamic marking until final pianissimo note
contrasting dynamics and dynamic build up suggest power and give it a heroic feel
rhythm/tempo/time sig
starts in 4/4
changes to triple time (3/4) in bar 44
tempo is 100 BPM (fast)
lots of quaver triplet rhythms (feels almost compound time sig)
cross rhythms used
duplets against triplets
homorhythmic at points
all parts moving at the same time
genre
written by John Williams for Star Wars (released 1977)
Richard Wagner was 19thC romantic composer who developed leitmotifs (used lots by Williams)
film music would originally be performed live at cinema to mask the projector noise. This turned into the music being used to enhance the screen action
this is the short score (are actually nearly 90 instruments)
structure
introductory fanfare followed by ternary (ABA1) structure
fanfare-punch flourish
regular 4 bar phrases
piece fits with action on screen
A1 is near exact copy of A
B contrasts A
melody
leitmotif
based on 4th and 7th intervals
sounds very 'proud' and 'exciting'
contrary motion
scales ascending/decending simultaneously
glissando
continuous slide between two notes
compound interval
interval greater than an octave
broken chord
chord with notes sounding one at a time
sequences
instrumentation
full symphony orchestra
woodwind
two flutes, one piccolo, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons
brass
four horns, three trumpets, two trombones, one bass trombone, one tuba
strings
sixteen first violins, sixteen second violins, eleven violas, ten cellos, seven double basses
percussion
timpani, triangle, cymbals, snare drum, large gong, vibraphone, celesta, glockenspiel, piano, harp
celesta is a keyboard instrument with metal bars struck by hammers (used in Killer Queen)
texture
mainly homophonic
44+ all parts move at same time (homorhythm)
are points of monophony where melody is building up (e.g bar 30-33)
after this, there is a sense of polyphony because of the layers building up and thickening texture
harmony/tonality
in B flat major
Quartal harmonies (distance between every note if a 4th)
Harmonic rhythm
speed harmony changes
hexatonic
based on six note motif
neapolitan chord
based on flattened supertonic
reharmonisation
same tune with different chords (A1)
Ostinato pedal (inverted upper tonic in intro)
dissonance created by using chords not closely related to key