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Meiosis (Prophase 1 (Chromatin condenses and each chromosome supercoils,…
Meiosis
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Telophase 1
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Nuclear envelopes form around each set of chromosomes, and the cell divides by cytokinesis
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Anaphase 2
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Chromatids of each chromosome are pulled apart to opposite poles by motor proteins along the spindle
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Telophase 2
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In animals, the two cells divide to give four haploid cells
In plants, a tetrad of four haploid cells is formed
Genetic variation
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Independent assortment in anaphase 1 leads to random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes of each pair
Haploid gametes are formed which can undergo random fusion with gametes derived from another organism of the same species
Metaphase 1
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Homologous pairs are arranged randomly, with the members of each pair facing opposite poles (independent assortment)
Anaphase 1
Homologous pairs are pulled apart to opposite poles by motor proteins along the tubulin threads of the spindle
Crossed-over areas separate from each other, resulting in swapped areas of chromosomes and allele shuffling
Metaphase 2
Chromosomes attach, by their centromere, to the equator of the spindle
Chromatids of each chromosome are arranged randomly, determining how the chromatids separate during anaphase