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types of sampling (taking measurements of a limited number of individual…

- - - - uses organisms that are conveniently available
  - - - e.g. males and females
      - random sample then taken from each strata proportional to its size
  - - - often carried out using a line or belt transect
        
        line transect
        
        marking a line along the ground between two poles and taking samples at specified points - can include describing all organisms touching the line or distances of samples from the line
        
        belt transect
        
        two parallel lines marked - samples taken of area between two lines
- - - - greater the number of individuals studied, the lower the probability that chance will influence the result
        
        larger the sample size, the more reliable the result