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The Changing Economic World (Nigeria an NEE (Nigeria, Nigeria and the…
The Changing Economic World
The Development Gap
Causes of uneven development
Economic Causes
Trade
Technology
Historical Causes
Colonialism
Political
Physical Causes
Location
Resources
Weather
Water availability
Health
Sanitation
Malaria spreads much faster across Africa than other tropical areas due to lower development
Technology to treat disease
Migration
UK Migration
Economic
Since 2004 more than 1.5 million migrants
Movement of people
Immigration where people move into a country
Emigration where people move out of a country
Middle East 2015
War
4 million fled the war
1.1 million went to Germany
20,000 went to the UK
Reducing the Gap
Tourism
Aid
Investment (Transnational Corporations)
Trade
Debt Relief
Technology
Wealth
Uneven spread of wealth
Lower disposable income
Measuring Development
What is Development?
Development is the positive change in a country
Factors can affect the rate of development
Environmental
Economic
Social
Political
The difference in development between two countries is the development gap
Measuring Development
Human Development Index (HDI)
It links wealth to health and education, using multiple measures to show the the benefit of the economic development in a country
Social measure
Quality of Life
This is a very difficult measure as it means different things to different people
Gross National Income (GNI)
Total value of goods and services produced by a country plus the money earned from and paid to other countries
Economic measure
Limitations
Corruption
Hard to collect some data
Unreliable data
Don't take into account some aspects of development, eg informal economies
The Demographic Transition Model
The DTM shows changes in the countries population based on development, compared to the UK.
Stage 1 - High Fluctuating
Stage 2 - Early Exanding
Stage 3 - Late Expanding
Stage 4 - Low Fluctuating
Stage 5 - Decline?
Changing Population Structures
Population pyramids
Linked to 5 stages of the DTM
The base narrows and the top widens as you move through the DTM
Dependency ratio
The proportion of people below the age of 14 and above 65
Nigeria an NEE
Nigeria
Nigeria and the Wider World
Industry
Transnational Corporations
International Aid
Quality of life
Changing UK Economy
Changing rural landscapes
Infrastructure
Post Industrial Economy
North South Divide
Changes in the UK
UK and the Wider World
