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Race (The Different Eras) (Early human populations (Many thousands of…
Race (The Different Eras)
Need for expansion
AGE OF EXPLORATION: C15TH-17TH
Scientific Revolution [C16th-18th]
perspectives on humans C16th & 17th
Humans as races
Francois Bernier [1684]
one of first to describe humans as distinct ‘races’ – based on geographic & anatomical features
published Nouvelle division de la terre par les differents especes ou races qui l'habitent
the ‘four quarters’ of globe as basis for four subgroups - Europeans, Far Easterners, Negroes (Black peoples) & Lapps
Linnaeus [Linné] [1707-1788]
Swedish botanist/naturalist
Systema Naturae - binomial classification system [genus & species]
Early human populations (Many thousands of years ago)
Society
H/G societies egalitarian
status based on age/skills/spirituality
Lifestyle
population size limited by resources & need to be mobile
small isolated groups, linked by descent & tribal affiliations
all early modern humans were hunter-gatherers
Location
geographic isolation [mountains, bodies of water] - travel limited
major evolutionary force for human variation
genetic evidence indicates migration out of Africa – small numbers
very similar representations of humans & their experiences
total human [AMH] population small [10,000 – 50,000 breeding individuals]