Origins of WW1
July Crisis 1914
Army Plans
Arms Race
Alliance Systems
Nationalism vs Imperalism
Previous Disputes
Treaties
Treaty of Berlin 1878
Franco Prussian War 1871
The DreiKaiserBund 1873
The Dual Alliance
The Triple Alliance 1907
The Franco-Russian Alliance
The Weltpolitik
The Entente Cordiale
The Triple Entente
6th July
23rd July
29th July
30th July
31st July
1st August
Germany declared war on Russia. The Kaiser did not want to declare war on France as well, but felt he had no choice: France was an ally of Russia and would attack Germany from the West, creating a “War on Two Fronts”.
3rd August
4th August
Lasts 1 year
France vs Prussia (Germany Russia and Poland)
Prussia won
The German Kaiser Wilhelm II gave Austria a blank cheque
Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum Serbia accepted all accept the allowance of Austrian troop within their own borders, so Austria declared war.
Austria started bombing Belgrade Germany was an ally of Austria and Russia was an ally of Serbia (because of Slavs) so it was easy to spread across Europe.
Russia mobilizes her army. Kaiser talks to Tsar Nicholas (Willy Nicky Telegrams) asking him to demobilize to avoid the activation of the Schlieffen Plan
Germany asked Russia to demobilise. Russia replied that only Austria was being threatened Germany wanted France to promise not to get involved, France did not reply. Germany and France then both asked Britain whose side she is on, but she refused to get involved.
Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany declared war on France. Britain then promised to defend Belgian neutrality. Despite this, Germany marched into Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan.
, Britain declared war on Germany. World War One had begun
People / Groups
Kaiser Wilhem II
Tsar Nicholas II
Franz Ferdinand
Moroccan Crises
Russo-Japenese War 1909
Balklan Wars
Drednoughts
Black Hand Gang
Daily Telegraph Interview 1908
Defintion
Nationalism
Imperialism
Bosnian Crisis 1908
Straits of Constantinople
Treaty of London 1839
Jackie Fisher invented in 1906
Russia has no warm sea ports but they have the black sea which is linked to the Mediterranean by the Dardanelles
Killed 28th June 1914
Cousin of George V
Gavrillo Princip kills Franz Ferdinand
Goes to Sarajevo (Bosnia) to clear things over after it was annexed in 1908.
Norman Stone "The last thing Germany needed was a problem with Great Britain, the greatest mistake of the 20th Centuary, when Germany built a navy designed to attack her".
Germany respected Britain but the government decided to challenge them.
People from the same race/ culture should live together (e.g. slavs)
Idea of Empire Building (e.g. austria annexing bosnia)
Between Germany and Austria in 1878 to protect from Russia
Friendly Understanding / Trade Deal between France and Britain in 1904. Leads to Morocco Crisise because France can intervene with Morocco.
1st One 1905
Speech of Tangiers - Kaiser threatens France about taking over
Was pro-Slavism - the only person in the empire who believed Serbia was good and should join the ruling of the empire.
Britain supports France in humiliating the Kaiser in the Conference of Algerciras
2nd One (1911)
Kaiser sends warship called the Panther to Agadir yo warn French about taking over Morocco.
Germany being jealous of Britain and Frances colonies
Reference to his Place in the Sun speech
"Mad as march hares"
Schlieffen Plans
Plan 17
France
If Germany attacked, France should attack Germany by marching through Alsace-Lorraine
Germany
Treaty of Versailles
Between Russia Germany and Austira
Refusing Russia from expanding Naval Forces
Allow Austria to annex Bosnia
Germany, Austria and Italy 1882.
France and Russia create a military agreement in 1894.
Weltpolitik (1899)
Germany scares Britain and France
Germany decides to increase Naval Size (starts Naval Race)
France Britain and Russia create a military agreement.
Foreign Secretary Edward Grey said "The Lights go out all over Europe and they shall not be lit again in my lifetime"
Leader of Russia
Responsibility
Russia
Provoked a reaction from Germany when the Franco-Russian was made in 1894;
France
Deliberately ignored Germany's request to demoralize in July 1914 (Willy Nicky Telegrams)
Has legal revenge for Germany over the loss of Alsace Lorraine in the France-Prussian War of 1970-71
Cynical deal to take over Morocco with Britain and humiliated Germany.
Britain
Built Drednoughts to threaten Germany despite the Kaiser saying "I have always been a friend to England"
Sir Edward Grey said they would stand with France and attack Germany in event of a war.
Germany
Came up with the Schlieffen Plan to attack France and Russia by marching through the neutral state of Belgium
Belgium becomes neutral
Created European tension by giving Austria a blank cheque and taking Alsace-Lorraine from France.
Austro-Hungary
Annexed Bosnia in 1908 provoking Serbs and humiliating Russia (Straits of Constantinople)
Presented Serbs an ultimatum and they rejected one term and they bombed Belgrade in 1914.
Serbia
Doubled size of the country in 1913 after the Balkan Wars which would terrify Austria.
Government funded the Black Hand Gang who assassinated Franz Ferdinand
Came into power in 1890
Kicked out Otto Bismarack (old Germany) and made "Place in the Sun" speech
Grand son to Queen Victoria
Russia decides to attack Japan but they get crushed by their Navy.
1912 - 1913
Balkan States decide to pick off final pieces of the Ottoman Empire after it was completely destroyed by the Treaty of Berlin.
Balkan States then fight each other for the territory and Serbia comes out on top and doubles in size.
Serbia wants Bosnia for Nationalism
Austria wants Bosnia for its Empire (imperialism)
Treaty of Berlin allows Austria to annex Bosnia, which they do.
TRAWL
David Lloyd George (Welsh Wizard)
Georges Clemenceau (Paper Tiger)
Woodrow Wilson (Jesus Christ)
Territory
Armamements
Reparations
War Guilt
League of Nations
14 point list
Wants best for France and revange
Wants the most pragmatic decsion
Is formed
Alsace-Lorraine
Rhineland
Colonies given as mandates
Plebiscites
Upper Silesia
Poland
Conscription Banned
Amunition Limited
Drednoughts to go to the British Empire
6 billion
Germany to take total blame
132 Billion gold marks