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Origins of WW1 (July Crisis 1914 (4th August (, Britain declared war on…
Origins of WW1
July Crisis 1914
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23rd July
Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum Serbia accepted all accept the allowance of Austrian troop within their own borders, so Austria declared war.
29th July
Austria started bombing Belgrade Germany was an ally of Austria and Russia was an ally of Serbia (because of Slavs) so it was easy to spread across Europe.
30th July
Russia mobilizes her army. Kaiser talks to Tsar Nicholas (Willy Nicky Telegrams) asking him to demobilize to avoid the activation of the Schlieffen Plan
31st July
Germany asked Russia to demobilise. Russia replied that only Austria was being threatened Germany wanted France to promise not to get involved, France did not reply. Germany and France then both asked Britain whose side she is on, but she refused to get involved.
1st August
Germany declared war on Russia. The Kaiser did not want to declare war on France as well, but felt he had no choice: France was an ally of Russia and would attack Germany from the West, creating a “War on Two Fronts”.
3rd August
Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany declared war on France. Britain then promised to defend Belgian neutrality. Despite this, Germany marched into Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan.
4th August
, Britain declared war on Germany. World War One had begun
Foreign Secretary Edward Grey said "The Lights go out all over Europe and they shall not be lit again in my lifetime"
Alliance Systems
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The Triple Alliance 1907
Germany, Austria and Italy 1882.
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The Entente Cordiale
Friendly Understanding / Trade Deal between France and Britain in 1904. Leads to Morocco Crisise because France can intervene with Morocco.
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Previous Disputes
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Balklan Wars
1912 - 1913
Balkan States decide to pick off final pieces of the Ottoman Empire after it was completely destroyed by the Treaty of Berlin.
Balkan States then fight each other for the territory and Serbia comes out on top and doubles in size.
Bosnian Crisis 1908
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Treaty of Berlin allows Austria to annex Bosnia, which they do.
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Responsibility
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France
Has legal revenge for Germany over the loss of Alsace Lorraine in the France-Prussian War of 1970-71
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Britain
Built Drednoughts to threaten Germany despite the Kaiser saying "I have always been a friend to England"
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Germany
Came up with the Schlieffen Plan to attack France and Russia by marching through the neutral state of Belgium
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Arms Race
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Norman Stone "The last thing Germany needed was a problem with Great Britain, the greatest mistake of the 20th Centuary, when Germany built a navy designed to attack her".
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People / Groups
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Franz Ferdinand
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Was pro-Slavism - the only person in the empire who believed Serbia was good and should join the ruling of the empire.
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Army Plans
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Plan 17
France
If Germany attacked, France should attack Germany by marching through Alsace-Lorraine
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