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Nervous System (Neurons image (Axon - Signal Transmitter (Schwann Cells,…
Nervous System
Neurons
Soma - Nucleas - Cell Body
Dendrites
Signal Receiver
Axon - Signal Transmitter
Schwann Cells
Insulating Cells
Makes up the myelin sheath
Helps in Efficient Transmission
Signal Transmitter
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon Terminal - Connects to either (Synapse)
Chemical Synapse
Synaptic Cleft
Other Dendrites
Electrical Synapse
Muscle cells
Tissue cells
Gland cells
Types of Neurons
Afferent / Sensory
Signal from receptors to CNS
Inter Neurons
Directs
Efferent / Motos Nueurons
Signal from CNS to Effectors
Central Nervous System
Brain
Cerebrum - Fore brain
Cerebral Hemisphere
Frontal Lobe - Movement and Control (Motor) info Processing
Parietal Lobe - Somatosensory info Processing
Temportal
occipital - Visual Processing
Cerebellum
Brain Stem
Mid Brain
Hind Brain
Pons
Medulla
Spinal cord
Control center of the Body
Meninges - Protective Covering
Dura - Tough Mother
Protects from External damage
Contains CSF
absorbs shocks
reducing their apparent weight through buoyancy
helps to maintain chemical homeostasis
removes waste products
Provides blood to nervous tissue
Arachnoid - Spider like Mother
Fibers that connects Dura and Pia Matter
Pia - Tender Mother
many blood vessels that feed the nervous tissue of the CNS
penetrates into the valleys of the sulci and fissures of the brain
Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves
Bundles of Axons - Fascicle, wrapped together
Axon wrapped in wrapped in Connective tissue Sheath
Fascicles wrapped together in Connective Sheath
Protects the Axon
Increases speed of Communication
Types of Nerves
Afferent Nerves
from sensory receptors to the central nervous system
Efferent Nerves
carry signals only from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands
Mixed Nerves
Contain both Afferent and Efferent Axons
Cranial Nerves (Basic functions of head and Neck)
12 pairs (exit the skull)
Olfactory (Carries Smell info)
Optic (Carries Visual info)
To control the movement and focus of the eyes
Trigeminal (Carries Sensation from face and innervates muscles of Mastication)
conducts auditory and balance information from the ears
carries taste information and Assists in Swalloing
accessory nerve (Controls movement of Neck and Shoulder)
hypoglossal (moves the tongue for speech and swallowing)
Facial (innervates the muscles of the face to make facial expressions and carries carries taste information)
Vagus (carries information about the condition of the vital organs to the brain and delivers signals to control speech and delivers parasympathetic signals to many organs
Spinal Nerves (Basic functions of Limbs and trunk)
31 pairs (from spinal cord)
Cervical
Thorasic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
Somatic Nervous System - Consciously controlled Efferents
Autonomic Nervous System - Involuntary Efferents
Sympathetic NS - Fight or Flight response
Starts from middle of spinal cord
ParaSympathetic NS - Rest and Digest
Starts near brain stem or bottom of spinal cord
Enteric Nervous System - "brain of the gut"
Regulates Digestion and related functions
Controls
Smooth muscle cells
Cardiac muscles
gland cells
Neuroglial cells
Helper cells
Protects Neuron
Feeds Neuron
Insulate Neuron
Allows persons to experience their life and create their behavior
